KAWASAKI VIRUS AND THE PREVENTION OF INFECTION

Kawasaki syndrome
DEFINITIONS
Kawasaki syndrome (syndrome Mukokutaneus lymph nodes,
Poliarteritis
Infantil) is a non-specific disease, without an agent
certain infectious, which affects the mucous membranes, lymph nodes
nodes, the lining of blood vessels and heart.
CAUSE
The cause is not the first time Kawasaki diketahui.Sindroma found in
Japan at the end of 1960. This disease attacks children aged 2
months to 5 years and 2 times more often found in children
male.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms include:
- Fever of up and down, but usually above 39 ° Celsius, nature
stay (more than 5 days) and did not respond to
acetaminophen or ibuprofen in the normal dose
- Fussy, looking sleepy
- Sometimes there is pain abdominal cramping
- Skin rash on the trunk and around the diaper-covered area
- A rash on the mucous membranes (eg lining the mouth and vagina)
- Throat looks red
- Red lips, dry and cracked
- The tongue looks red (strawberry-red tongue)
- The eyes become red, in discharges without
- The palm of the hand and soles of the feet were red, swollen hands and feet
- The skin on fingers and toes peeling (on days 10-20)
- Swollen neck lymph nodes
- Chest pain caused by (atralgia) and swelling, often symmetrical (on the left side and right).
COMPLICATIONS
Approximately 5-20% of patients experienced cardiac complications, which usually occurs in week 2-4:
· Inflammation of coronary arteries (arteries that carry blood to the heart)
· Aneurysms (widening of part of the coronary arteries)
· Disorders (inflammation of the heart sac)
· Acute myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle)
· Heart failure
· Death of heart muscle (infarct myocardium).
Other complications:
· Rash unusual anterior uveitis)
· Pain or inflammation of the joints (especially the joints are small)
· Non-infectious inflammation of the lining of the brain (aseptic meningitis)
· Gallbladder inflammation
· Diarrhea.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis in case of fever for more than 5 days and 4 of 5 found the following description:
- Skin rash
- Tools of motion (arms and legs) red and swollen
- Red eyes
- Changes in the lips and mouth
- Swollen lymph nodes.
The usual checks:
· ECG and echocardiography, can show signs of
myocarditis, pericarditis, arthritis, aseptic meningitis or vasculitis
coronary
· Complete blood Count (showing increased white blood cell count
and anemia (reduced red blood cell count); blood tests
The next showed increased platelet
Chest X-rays ·
· Analysis of urine (may indicate the existence of pus or protein in the urine).
TREATMENT
Early treatment can significantly reduce the risk of
coronary artery damage and accelerate recovery of fever, rash and
rasatidak comfortable. During the 1-4 days was given high-dose immunoglobulin
and intravenous high-dose aspirin by mouth. After fever
down, biasanyaaspirin in a lower dose given during
several months to
reduce the risk of coronary artery damage and the formation of blood clots.
Performed several times an EKG to detect any cardiac complications.
Large aneurysms treated with aspirin and anti-clotting drugs (eg
warfarin). Quite small aneurysms treated with aspirin.
If children suffer influenza or chicken pox, to reduce the risk
the occurrence of Reye syndrome, preferably for a while
diberikandipiridamol, not aspirin.
Prognosis
If no cardiac complications, recovery will usually occur
perfect. Approximately 1-2% of patients die, usually due to complications
heart; 50% of them died in the first month, 75% died
in the second month, 95% died in the sixth month. But death could
occurred 10 years later, and sometimes suddenly.
Small aneurysms tend to disappear within 1 year, but
coronary artery remained weak that a few years later emerged
heart defects.